Pleasure-railway.



c. M. PERDEW.- PLEASURE RAILWAY.

APPLICATION FILED APE. 24,1909.

931,705. Patented Aug. 17, 1909.

6 BHEETSSHEET l.

Inventor qziuym I %//4 6Q flnmi #MWM A G. M. PERDEW.

PLEASURE RAILWAY.

APPLIGATION FILED APB..24,1909.

Patented Aug. 17, 1909.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

mnnsw s. canwn co., PNOICI-UTHDGRAPNERS, WASHINGTON. o. c,

m E E m m n APPLICATION FILED APB. 24,1909. I

Patented Aug. 17, 1909.

6 sums-sum 4.

Invefitor ANDREW. a. (mum m4 PIIOTBUMOMPNER$WA5HIMGOE u c.

G. M. PERDEW.

PLEASURE RAILWAY.

. G. M. PERDEW.

PLEASURE RAILWAY.

APPLICATION FILED APR.24,1909.

Patented Aug. 17, 1909;

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

36 Za ata I 1/ mm eases:

inviTEn sTATns PATENT OFFICE.

CLARENCE M. PERDEW, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO JACKSON W. SPARROW,OF

CINCINNATI, OHIO.

PLEASURE-RAILWAY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1'7, 1909.

Application filed April 2%, 1909. Serial No. 491,995.

To all whom "it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLARENCE M. PEnnEw, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pleasure-Railways,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to pleasure railways and the object is to provide adevice of this character which will afford amusement in the form of aride of considerable length, accompanied with a series of novelsensations, and to render such a device safe for the passengers, anddurable and economical to construct and operate, while performing theabove functions of amusement in a positive and more efficient manner.

My invention consists in the combination with the curved track, of a carhaving a rotatable body and guiding means to engage with part of thetrack, and to engage with the body to rotate it, when the car runsaround the track.

My invention also consists in the parts and in the details ofconstruction and arrangement of parts as will hereinafter be more fullydescribed and claimed.

In the drawings: Figure 1. is a plan of a track adapted for embodying myinvention, the parts of the track being shown in dotted lines for thesake of clearness. Fig.2. is a side elevation of the same, similarlyshowing the parts of the track in dotted lines. Fig. 8. is a plan viewof a car and part of the truck, the principal operative parts only beingshown, for sake of clearness. F a. is a plan view of the truck with thering for supporting the body thereon, the body being removed. Fig. 5. isa side elevation of a car and part of the track in the region of thepropelling mechanism, the part of the track being shown in section. Fig.6. is a partial end elevation of a car and a cross-section of the trackin its straight inclined part. Fig. 7. is a detail view, enlarged,illustrating the operation of the pivoted fork. Fig. 8. is a plan viewof part of the track provided with a safety catch. Fig. 9. is across-section of part of the track and an end elevation of part of thecar, illustrating the combination with the car of the braking mechanismin the track. Fig. 10. is a horizontal cross-section of part of thetruck on a line corresponding to the line of Fig. Fig. 11. is a verticalsection of part of the truck on a line corresponding to the line g y ofFig. i. Fig. 12. is a vertical section similar to Fig. 11, illustratinga modification of the friction transmitting means for rotating the body.Fig. 13. is a vertical longitudinal section through part of the truckand part of the body to illustrate the construction of the brake and ofthe means for attaching the body to the ring. Fig. 14. is across-section on a line corresponding to the line 2 of Fig. 13. Fig. 15.is a detail end elevation of the brake shoe. Fig. 16. is a bottom planview of part of the truck.

My improvement involves the use of a car having a truck which has truckwheels to run on track rails, carrying the weight of the car, laterallydisposed guiding wheels which bear against side rails of the track toguide the car along the track, and a body rotatable on the truck. Thetrack upon which the car is adapted to run while per forming the desiredfunction of amusement is downwardly inclined and confined to a singleplane of inclination, being sinuated in this plane, each sinuationconsisting in an arc of a circle and a tangent to this arc. hen the carruns around the part of the track conforming to the arc of a circle itwill be under the influence of centrifugal. force and will exertconsiderable pressure on the outside of the track, but as soon as itbegins to run on the part of the track following the tangent thecentrifugal force will cease to exist. The rotation of the body of thecar when it runs around the curved part of the track, combined with theconstant variation of the axis of rotation, due to the track following asingle plane of inclination and being sinuated in this plane, creates anovel sensation upon the passengers in the car. In order to make suchsensation most' effective it is desirable to allow the car to run athigh speed down the track around the sinuations and to permit it to runsmoothly, and provide for smooth rotation of the body without highlynoticeable bumps or ]:11's, either at the beginning or ending of therotation. Obviously, it is also desirable to obtain rotation of the bodyduring as much of the period while the car is running around the curveas is possible. This smooth running of the car and rotation of the bodyis attained by taking advantage of the out-ward pressure, due to thecentrifugal force of the car, to cause the rotation of the body,pivoting the guide wheels on the truck, allowing them to yield to engagewith part of the body when they come into opposition with thecentrifugal force. Since this force is acting throughout the travel ofthe car around the curve, it will be seen that the guide wheels will becaused to engage with and rotate the body during such period, but whenthe car reaches the tangent, and the force no longer acts, the wheelswill not be caused to engage with the body and the body will thus beallowed to stop. The successive sinuations being alternate in direction,the car will be under the action of centrifugal force in oppositedirections alternately as it passes from each sinuation to the next one.By providing guide wheels on the opposite sides of the car, bearing inopposite directions against opposite sides of the track, these wheelswill, of course, rotate in opposite directions. Consequently, if the caris subjected to the action of centrifugal force alternately in oppositedirections, guide wheels on opposite sides will alternately engage withthe body to rotate it, and, these guide wheels on opposite sides beingrotated in opposite directions, the body will also be rotated inopposite directions alternately. Nith the absence of the centrifugalforce, when the car is running on the tangents, the tendency of the carwill be to run in a straight line and not to engage its guiding wheelson either side with its rotatable body. By providing springs to resistthe pressure tending to engage the guiding wheels .with the body, thistendency is further increased, and by providing means for adjustingthese springs, the rotating action of the guiding wheels on the body maybe regulated by increasing or decreasing the pressure with which theymay engage the body.

In order to insure the stoppage of rotation of the body while the car istraveling along the tangent, the car may be provided with a brake underthe action of a spring which causes the brake to normally engage withpart of the body and hold the body stationary, and the guide wheels intheir movement to engage with the body may be caused to disengage thebrake from the body,-

through the medium of connections under the control of the springs whichresist the action of the centrifugal force on the guiding wheels. Thusthe engagement of the brake with the body will be insured as soon as thecentrifugal force ceases to act.

As illustrated in the drawings, the nucleus of the truck frame consistsin a ring 11 formed of a structural angle bent to a circle with one legvertical and the other leg forming a horizontal outwardly extendingflange 11. This flange is the bottom of the ring and constitutes themeans for attaching the running gear of the truck, which is done bymeans of four pedestals 12, one of which is mounted on each side of thetruck ring 11 near each end of the truck, and each ofwhich comprises ahub part 12 with a vertical opening therethrough and a horizontal web 12which is bolted to the lower side of said horizontal flange ll of thetruck ring 11. Pins 12 pass through the vertical openings in the hubs 12and an arch bar 13 extends from the lower part of the hub at one end upto the lower side of the horizontal flange 11 of the truck ring midwaybetween the pedestals, and down to the bottom of the hub of the pedestal12 at the other end, on each side of the truck. These reinforce thepedestals lengthwise of the truck. Cross bars 14. extend transversely ofthe truck, one of these being at each end and extending from the bottomof the pedestal on one side at that end to the bottom of the pedestal onthe other side. These reinforce the pedestals transversely of the truck.Both the arch ,bars and the cross bars are attached to the pedestals bymeans of the pins 12-. In order to bring the pedestals around on thesides of the truck, those on the same side are placed considerablynearer together than are those on opposite sides, so that a considerablelength of the truck ring is left unsupported by these pedestals at eachend of the truck. To partially support these parts of the truck ring aforeand-aft brace 15 extends horizontally between the cross-barslongitudinally of the truck and extends up at each end to be attached tothe truck ring. This attachment is made by means of an end bracket 16 ateach end of the truck bolted to the horizontal flange of the truck ring.Pins 16 extend through the end brackets and through the fore-and-aftbrace near its end. Buffer bars 17 are also pivoted on the pins 16 inthe end brackets, extending outward from the ends of the truck and bentdownward vertically to have brackets 17 placed behind these verticalparts, with arms extending outward past them, on which are mountedfacings l7". Tension bolts 17 have their heads abutting against thevertical parts of the buffer bars and extend through these parts andthrough the brackets 17 and these tension bolts have helical springs 17around them, compressed between the brackets and washers 17 held 011 thetension bolts near their ends by means of nuts and lock-nuts. Thus, whenan impact is received on the facing 17 of the buffer, the springs willbe compressed, cushioning the impact and relieving the truck frame ofthe strain which would be imposed thereby.

For carrying the car to the high part of the track after it has reachedthe low part, an elevator is provided, comprising a sprocket chain 1with lugs 1 mounted on some of its links. An auxiliary chain 2 is alsoprovided running horizontally at the approach to the elevator and it isprovided with lugs 2. This chain runs with the same speed as does thechain 1 and is designed for receiving the car and bringing itto thespeed of the main chain 1 before the car starts up the elevator. To forma means for the lugs 2 of the chain 2 to engage with the car, a pivotedfork 18 is mounted on the lower side of one of the crossbars 14 at oneend of the truck, being pivoted on a pin 18 passing through a bracket18" at one side and through the main fork 18 at the other side, whichbracket and main fork are rigidly secured to the under side of the crossbar. This pivoted fork normally hangs vertically, but is yieldablebackward with respect to the direction in which the car is traveling, sothat when it strikes the lug 2 on the chain 2 it may pass over it, butis not yieldable from its vertical position forwardly, in the directionin which the car is traveling, so that a lug 2 approaching it from therear will carry the car along by means of its engagement therewith. Themain fork at one side is provided for the engagement of the lugs 1 onthe main chain 1 to carry the car up the elevator. The crossbars 14Lalso form the means for attaching the skids 19, which extendlongitudinally of the truck. These consist of boards with flat sidespresented downwardly to be engaged by braking mechanism 3, with whichthe track is provided at the termination of the downwardly inclinedpart, to stop the car to be unloaded and loaded.

To enable the car to smoothly follow the sinuations of the track on itsdownward travel it is provided with casters 20, which are pivoted toswing laterally on the pins 12 in the pedestals 12, and extend outwardendwise of the truck. As illustrated, each caster comprises a straightupper bar and a downwardly arched lower bar approach ing each other atthe ends, and a head block bolted between the bars in the middle. herethe bars approach at one end they are pivoted to the under sides of thepedestals on the pins 12, and preferably embrace the ends of thearch-bars where they are attached to the pedestals. A spindle 24 issecured in the head block on each caster and extends horizontallyinward. A truck wheel 25 is journaled on each spindle, which truck wheelcarries the weight of the car. Preferably each caster is provided with abrace 26, extending from near the outer end of the caster, at its top,up to the top of its pedestal, being also pivoted on the pin 12 in thepedestal. \Vherc the other ends of the upper and lower bars approach,links 27 are embraced between them and pivoted thereto, and extendinwardly and upwardly to form the attaching means for guiding the truckwheels.

The guiding of the truck wheels, as well as the guiding of the entirecar, is accomplished by means of the guide wheels 30, which are mountedon arms 31, being journaled on spindles 32 in the arms. Connecting bars35 are also pivoted on these vertical spindles below the guide wheels,one of these connecting bars being ateach end of the truck andconnecting the spindles of guide wheels at opposite sides of the truckat that end. To these connecting bars the links 27 of the casters arepivotally attached. The arms 81 are pivoted on the pedestals 12, also bymeans of the pins 12 therein, so that these arms may swing laterally.Thus, the guide wheels may rotate on their vertical spindles and at thesame time swing laterally on their arms and the lateral swinging of aguide wheel on one side at each end will be communicated to the guidewheel on the other side at that end, and, if the guide wheel on one sideswings laterally outward, the guide wheel on the other side will swininward. The casters 20, being connected to the connecting bars of theguide wheels 30 by means of links 27, the lateral swinging will also becommunicated to the casters. However, the distance between the pivotalconnections of the links 27 to the casters 20 and the pivotalconnections of the casters 20 to the pedestals 12 is greater than thedistance between the pivotal connections of the connecting bars 35 tothe arms 31 and the pivotal connections of the arm 31 to the pedestals12, so that the angle through which a caster swings will be less thanthatthrough which an arm swings. This differential movement of thecasters and the arms, with the parts properly proportioned, results inbringing the truck wheels at a tangent to the curve around which the caris running, by means of the engagement of the guide wheels with thesides of the track. The connection of the buffer bar with the guidewheels, by means of the connecting bar, causes the butler comprised bythe bracket and the facing thereon to be presented approximatelytransversely of the track when the car runs around the curve, as is bestshown in Fig. 3 of the d *awings.

The track to accommodate the truck thus constructed comprises bottomrails 41: with facing rails a and side rails 5 with facing rails 5. Theside rails are bolted to vertical posts 6 and the bottom rails arecarried on transverse ties 7 bolted to the vertical posts (3 at theirends. In order to enable the posts to resist the side thrust of the car,they may be stayed to the ties. If required, the posts may he stayed tothe ties as illustrated in-Fig. 9 of the drawings, where a paekingpieceT is secured between the two ties 7 flanking the post 6, and a rod 6passes through the packing piece and through the top part of the post,being secured at its ends against lengthwise movement. The packing piece7 is under the bottom rail 4 so that lateral displacement by the car ofthe upper end of the post will be resisted by the bottom rail, on whichthe car is supported, adding part of the weight of the car to thisresistance. The truck wheels 25 run on the facings at and the guidewheels 30 bear laterally against the facings 5. The part of the trackprovided with the elevator may be constructed as illustrated in Fig. (3of the drawings with a stay 6 bolted between the ties 7 and bolted tothe post 6 under the side rail 5. In order to prevent backward runningof the car down the part of the track provided with the elevator, shouldit become disengaged from the lug 1 011 the chain 1, with disastrousresults, this part of the track is provided with safety catches 8, eachpivoted to swing horizontally under the side rail 5 on a bracket 8bolted to the outside of the side rail, adjacent to one of the posts 6.Each catch is prevented from swinging down the track by engagement withthe post 6, adjacent to which it is mounted, and with the stay 6, boltedto the post. However, the stay is yieldable to swing up the track and,preferably, is normally held down against the post and stay by means ofa suitable spring 8 interposed between it and the post outside thetrack, as is best shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings. Thus the safety catch8 will normally be held back in the track but will yield to allow thecar to pass by, being engaged by the casters 20 of the truck at the endsthereof. The space between the casters on each side being open, thesesafety catches will also be allowed to enter behind the forwardmostcasters of the truck and to resist any backward movement of the truck byengagement behind the casters as well as at the rear end of the truck.Thus the opportunity for engagement of the safety catches is doubled.

The differential swinging of the truck .wheels and the guide wheelstakes place in such a manner that the truck wheels act as pivots onwhich the. entire car swings toward the outside of the curve due to theaction of the centrifugal force generated by the passage of the cararound the curve. To resist the action of the ceiitrifugal force, andbring it under control, helical springs 36 are provided, surroundingtension rods 37 which pass through downwardly extending lugs 37 on theend brackets 16. The buffer bars 17 are pivotally connected to theconnecting bars 35 so that they will be swung laterally when the guidewheels swing laterally, pivoting on the pins 16 in the end brackets.These butter bars extend inwardly of the truck past these pins on whichthey are pivoted, between the lugs 37 on the end brackets, andthetension rods 37 are connected to them near their inward ends so thatone of said tension rods extends horizontally therefrom in eachdirection. These tension rods have washers and nuts and lock-nuts ontheir ends, between which and the lugs 87 on the brackets, the helicalsprings 36 are compressed. Thus, movement of the buffer bar. and of theguide wheels and truck wheels, which are connected to the buffer bar, ineither direction, is resisted by one of these springs, movement to theright being resisted by the spring on the left side, and move ment tothe left being resisted by the spring on the right side. The resistanceof these springs may be adjusted by means of the nuts on the tensionrods, so that any centrifugal force encountered may be caused to producethe degree of pressure required for properly rotating the body of thecar.

The body ring 51 is formed of an angle bent to a circle with one legextending horizontally inward to form a flange 51 at its top, and havingits other leg extending vertically downward. It is against the outerconvex surface of this vertical part of the body ring 51 that theperipheries of the guide wheels 30 bear when they are swung laterally,the frictional contact of these wheels in rotation, due to their rollingalong the facings 5, resulting in the rotation of the body, and thealternate engagements of the wheels on opposite sides of the carresulting in the alternate rotation of the body, as hereinbeforereferred to. This body ring 51 is of such diameter that its verticalpart may surround the vertical part of the truck ring 11 and leaveconsiderable space therebetween, the horizontal inwardly extendingflange of the body ring extending inward over the vertical part of thetruck ring. A bearing ring 152 is mounted on the upper edge of thevertical part of the truck ring 11. This bearing ring as here shownconsists in an angle bent to a circle with a horizontal leg extendingoutward, which lies over the upper edge of the truck ring, and avertical leg extending downward, which fits inside the truck ring and isbolted thereto. Rollers 53 are mounted on the lower side of thehorizontal inwardly extending flange of the body ring and roll on theupper side of the horizontal leg of the bearing ring to carry the weightof the body when it rotates. Other rollers 53'" are mounted on brackets5% on the outer side of the vertical part of the truck ring 11 and bearagainst the inner side of the vertical part of the body ring 51. Theseresist the sidethrust.

The brake for stopping the rotation of the body, as hereinbeforereferred to, consists in a bracket 55 secured to the vertical part ofthe truck ring 11 at the end of the truck, and a-shoe 56 pivoted on thisbracket to swing in a vertical plane outward endwise of the car. Eachshoe is provided with a helical spring 57 which tends to press the shoeoutward. Pressed outward, this shoe normally engages with the inner sideof the body ring 51. The butter bar 17 lies over the connecting bar 35where it is pivoted to it, and is bent down inside of said buffer bar tocome under the end bracket so that it thus has a vertical part 17 Thisvertical part 17 is adapted to engage with the shoe 56 of the brake whenthe buffer bar is swung sidewise, but is out of engagement with thebrake when the butter bar occupies its middle position while the car istraveling in a straight line. The engagement of this vertical part 17 ofthe buffer bar with the shoe 56 of the brake serves to disengage theshoe from the inside of the vertical part of the truck ring 51 againstthe pressure of the helical spring 5?, but, as soon as disengagement ofthe vertical part 17 and the shoe 56 takes place, the spring 57 willimmediately act to engage the shoe again with the vertical part of thering 51. Thus the' ring, and the body mounted thereon, will be heldstationary except when the guide wheels engage with These brakes Inorder that the guide wheels 30 may etti ciently engage with the bodyring 51 to rotate it, they are preferably provided with non-metallictreads 30 to engage with the ring. Such non-metallic treads are alsouseful in reducing the wear on the facing rails 5, and for this reasonthe truck wheels 25 are also provided with non-metallic treads 25, whichreduce the wear on the facing rails a. Where it is desired to use wheelswith metallic treads, such as the wheel 3O illustrated in Fig. 13, thering 51 may be provided with a non-metallic facing 51" around theoutside of its vertical part for the wheel 30 to engage with.

As before referred to, the buffer bar 1'? lies over the connecting bar35 where it is pivoted thereto, but takes under the end bracket 16, sothat the truck ring 11 in this region may be partly supported by theconnecting bar 35 in addition to the support afforded it by thefore-and-aft brace 15. This load in turn is communicated from theconnecting bar 35 to the casters 20 through the links 27, whichcommunicate the swinging of the connecting bar to the casters ashereinbefore described. Thus the connecting bar, together with theselinks and the bufler bar, serves as an additional support for the truckring at each end, constituting, with the pedestals 12, a series ofsupports approximately equally spaced around the truck ring, supportingit evenly, as is required to form a firm bearing for the rotation of thebody.

The body is secured to the body ring 51 by means of suitable clips (32bolted to the horizontal part of the body ring. This body the ring torotate the body.- are provided at both ends of: the truck, so thattheirconstantpressures on the body ring may neutralize each other. l

comprises a seat 63, having a circular inner edge and a circular outeredge, around the inner edge of which the lower shell 64 is attached,which shell extends downward and has the floor 65 attached to it,forming the con'ipartment for the lower extremities of the passengers.This seat is supported directly over the body ring and it is to theunder side of this that the clips 62 are secured to hold the body on thebody ring to rotate therewith. The compartment formed by the lower shelland the floor is surrounded by the body ring and extends therebelow, thefloor being only slightly above the cross bars and the foreand-aft braceof the truck frame. To the outer edge of the seat the upper shell 66 issecured, which extends upward therearound and has a suitable rim with arailing 67 secured thereto.

Preferably, all of the parts of the car adapted to withstand strains dueto the operation of the device are constructed of steel and iron, thedesign herein illustrated as an embodiment of my invention being bestadapted for the use of such materials. How ever, it will be understoodthat various minor departures from the illustration and descriptioncontained herein may be made, as

, is necessary to adapt the construction to varying conditions regardsweights to be carried and kinds of material desired to be used.Therefore, I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to thespecific description and illustrations herein but W hat I claim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track, and body to rotate 0n the truck, andmechanism actuated by the centrifugal force of the car to engage withthe body and rotate it when the car runs around the track.

2. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track, and a body to rotate on the truck,laterally swinging guide wheels on the truck and means for causing saidguide wheels to engage with the body to rotate it when the car runsaround the track.

In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck,laterally swinging truck wheels to arry the weight of the car, laterallyswinging guide wheels, and means for connectlng the truck wheels and theguide wheels to cause them to move differentially and to cause the guidewheels to engage with the body to rotate it due to the centrifugal forceof the car when the car runs around the track.

4. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck, aring on the truck and a ring on the body adapted to turn on the ring onthe truck, truck wheels to carry the weight of the car, and guide wheelspivotally mounted on the ring on the truck to swing laterally and engagewith the ring on the body to rotate the body when the car runs aroundthe track.

In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck,laterally swinging guide wheels on the truck, means for causing theguide wheels to engage with the body to rotate it when the car runs,around the track, and means for resisting the engagement of the guidewheels with the body to regulate their rotating action thereon.

(3. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck,laterally swinging guide wheels on opposite sides of the truck adaptedto engage with the body to rotate it, a connecting bar to maintain thedistance between the guide wheels, and a spring connected to theconnecting bar to resist the lateral swinging of the guiding wheels andregulate their rotating action on the body.

7. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck,laterally swinging truck wheels to carry the weight of the car,laterally swinging guide wheels adapted to engage with the body torotate it when the car runs around the track, means for connecting thetruck wheels and guide wheels to cause them to move differentially, andmeans for resisting the movement of said wheel-s thus connected, for thepurposes set forth.

8. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate 011 the track,laterally swinging truck wheels to carry the weight of the car,laterally swinging guide wheels at opposite sides of the car, connectingbars connecting the guide wheels on opposite sides to maintain thedistance between them, said guide wheels being adapted to engage withthe body to rotate it when the car runs around the track, and linksforming connections between the connecting bars and the truck wheelswhereby the truck wheels and guide wheels are caused to movedifferentially.

9. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck,laterally swinging guide wheels adapted to engage with the body torotate it when the car runs around the track, brackets on the car havingbutters extending past the body at the ends, and means for connectingthe brackets to the guide wheels to cause them to move in unisontherewith for the purposes set forth.

10. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck,laterally swinging truck wheels to carry the weight of the car,laterally swinging guide wheels adapted to engage with the body torotate it when the car runs around the track, brackets on the car havingbuffers extending past the body at the ends, and means for connectingthe truck wheels and the guide wheels to the brackets for the purposesset forth.

11. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate 0n the truck,laterally swinging guide wheels adapted to engage with the body torotate it when the car runs around the track, movable brackets on thetruck having buffers extending past the body at the ends, means forconnecting the brackets to the guide wheels, and springs connected tothe brackets to resist the movement of the guide wheels and regulatetheir rotating action on the body.

12. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck,late "ally swinging guide wheels adapted to engage with the body torotate it when the car runs around the track, a movable bracket on thetruck having a buffer extending past the body at the ends, means forconnecting the bracket to the guiding wheels, a brake adapted to engagewith the body, and means for engagement between said bracket and saidbrake to disengage the brake from the body when the guide wheels engagewith the body.

18. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to ro-" tate on the truck,laterally swinging guide wheels adapted to engage with the body torotate it when the car runs around the track, a brake adapted to engagewith the body when the guide wheels are out of engage ment therewith,and means for disengaging the brake from the body simultaneously withthe engagement of the guide wheels therewith.

1%. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to retate on the truck,laterally swinging guide wheels adapted to engage with the body torotate it when the car runs around the track, a brake to resist therotation of the body, a connecting bar connected to the guiding wheels,means for engagement between the connecting bar and the brake, andsprings to resist the engagement of the guiding wheels with the body andregulate their rotating action thereon, for the purposes set forth.

15. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck,laterally swinging casters on the truck, truck wheels journaled on thecasters to carry the weight of the car, laterally swinging arms on thetruck, guide wheels journaled on the arms to guide the car and to swinglaterally to engage with the body to rotate it when the car runs aroundthe track, and means for connecting said casters and said arms to causethem to move ditlerentially, for the purposes set forth. i i

16. in a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track,of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck,laterally swinging arms on the truck, guide wheels'journaled on the armsto guide the car, and adapted to swing laterally to engage with the bodyto rotate it, said guide wheels being located on opposite sides of thecar, a connecting bar, extending around the body of the car, connectingthe arms and the guide wheels journaled thereon to maintain the distancebetween the wheels, and links connecting the connecting bar to thecasters to cause the truck wheels and the guide wheels to movediifei'entially, for the purposes set forth. 17. Ina pleasure railway,the combination with a curved track, of a car having a truck to followthe track and a body to rotate on the truck, a ring forming part of thetruck, casters and arms pivotally connected to the rings at oppositesides of the car, truck wheels journaled on the casters to carry theweight of the car, guide wheels journaled on the arms to guide the car,a ring on the body adapted to turn on the ring on thetruck, the guidewheels being adapted to engage with the ring on the body when the carruns around the track, connecting bars.connecting the arms and theguiding wheels journaled thereon at opposite sides of the car, linksconnecting the connecting bars to the casters, and brackets pivotallyconnected to the connecting bar and to the ring on the truck, said ringbeing supported at the pivotal connections of the casters and armsthereof and also at the pivotal connections of the brackets therewith,and a part of the i weight of the car being transmitted from saidcasters through said links and connect-- ing bars and said brackets tosaid rings where the brackets are pivotally connected therewith.

18. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck, aring on the body adapted to turn on the ring on the truck, truck wheelsto carry the weight of the car, guide wheels pivotally mounted on thering on the truck to engage with the ring on the bodyto rotate the body'when the car runs around the track, a brake mounted on the ring on thetruck and adapted to engage with the ring on the body, and means forcausing the brake and the guiding wheels to alternatively engage withthe ring on the body, for the purposes set forth.

19. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck,mechanismactuated by the centrifugal force of the car running aroundsaid curved track to engage with and rotate said body, and a brakecontrolled by such actuated mechanism to engage with and limit therotation of said body.

20.' In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of acar having a truck adapted to run on the track and a body to rotate onthe truck, mechanism actuated by the centrifugal force of the carrunning around the track to engage with and rotate said body, andsprings opposing the action of the centrifugal force on said mechanism,whereby the etticiency of the mechanism in rotating the body is limited.

21. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a'car having a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on thetruck, a ring on the truck having a horizontal outwardly extendingflange and a vertical part, truck wheels to carry the weight of the car,and guide wheels pivotally'mounted on the ring, the horizontallyextending part of the ring constituting the means for attaching saidtruck wheels and said guide wheels, a' ring on the body having ahorizontal inwardly extending flange and a vertical part, the'horizontalpart being over the vertical partof the ring on the truck and thevertical part being over the horizontal part of the ring on the truck,bearings between the horizontal part of the ring on the body and thevertical part of the ring on the truck to carry the weight of the bodywhen it rotates on the truck, and sidethrust bearings between thevertical parts of the rings, the guide wheels being adapted to engagewith the outer surface of the vertical part of the ring on the body torotate the body when the car runs around the track.

22. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck, aring on the truck .having a vertical part and a horizontal part, truckwheels to carry the weight of the car, and guide wheels pivotallymounted on the ring on the truck, the horizontal part of the ringconstituting the means for attaching the truck wheels and the guidewheels, a ring on the body having a horizontal part over the verticalpart of the ring on the truck and a vertical part over the horizontalpart of the ring 011 the truck, side-thrust bearings between thevertical parts of the rings, roller bearings between the horizontal partof the ring on the body and the vertical part of the ring on the truck,and a removable bearing ring mounted on the vertical part of the ring onthe truck for the roller bearings to roll on, the guide wheels beingadapted to engage with the outside of the vertical part of the ring onthe body to rotate the body when the car runs around the track.

23. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck, aring on the truck and a ring on the body adapted to turn on the ring onthe truck, pedestals on the ring on the truck, casters pivotally mountedon the pedestals, truck wheels journaled on the casters, guiding wheelspivotally mounted on the pedestals to swing laterally and engage thering on the body to rotate the body when the car runs around the track,part of the body be- 7 ing surrounded by the ring thereon and extendingbelow said ring, a cross-bar attached to'the pedestals and extendingbelow the body, part of the track being straight and provided withpropelling mechanism for the car, and means for engagement with saidpropelling mechanism mounted on said cross-bar, for the purposes setforth.

24. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck,laterally swinging casters on the truck at its ends, truck wheelsjournaled on the casters to carry the weight of the car, guiding wheelsadapted to engage with the body to rotate it when the car runs aroundthe track, the truck having open spaces at its sides between the castersat the ends whereby it is engageable at the ends and be tween thecasters, the track having a straight part which is inclined and havingmechanism for propelling the car up said inclined st aight part, andlaterally swinging safety catches interposed in said inclined straightpart of the track, yielda'ble to the truck when the car is propelled upthe track, but engageable with the truck at its ends and between thecasters, to obstruct it if the car runs down said straight inclined partof the track.

25. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck, aring on the truck and a ring on the body adapted to turn on the ring onthe truck, pedestals on the ring 011 the truck, casters pivotallymounted on the pedestals, truck wheels journaled on the casters, guidingwheels pivotally mounted on the pedestals to swing laterally and engagewith the ring on the body to rotate the body when the car runs aroundthe track, part of the body being surrounded by the ring thereon andextending below said ring, a cross-bar attached to the pedestals andextending below the body, part of the track being provided with brakingmechanism adapted to be raised to engage with part of the car, and askid running longitudinally of the car and attached to the cross-bar toform the means for engagement with the braking mechanism, for thepurposes set forth.

26. In a pleasure railway, the combination with a curved track, of a carhaving a truck to follow the track and a body to rotate on the truck, aring on the truck and a ring adapted to turn on the ring on the truckand support the body, the truck having truck wheels to carry the weightof the car and guiding wheels adapted to engage with the ring thatsupports the body to rotate said body, a lower shell for the body havingits sides extending vertically, a floor attached to the lower shell nearits lower edge, and a seat rigidly mounted on the ring that supports thebody, the lower shell being attached to the seat near the upper edge ofsaid shell, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

CLARENCE M. PERDEWVS lVitnesses JACKSON IV. SPARROW, FLORENCE HAMMEL.

